What is the primary function of a neuron?

The primary function of a neuron is to transmit electrical impulses throughout the nervous system. Neurons are specialized cells that act as the basic building blocks of the nervous system, responsible for processing and transmitting information via electrical and chemical signals. They communicate with other neurons, muscles, and glands, facilitating essential functions such as reflexes, sensory perception, and interactions leading to motor response.

Neurons have distinct structures, including dendrites, which receive signals; a cell body that integrates these signals; and an axon, which sends signals to other cells. This process is vital for the functioning of both the central and peripheral nervous systems, enabling coordination and communication throughout the body. Understanding this function is crucial for grasping how the nervous system operates in health and disease.